The study of child development is a complex and ever-evolving field, with many theories and factors that can influence the growth and development of a child. Broadly speaking, these theories can be classified as emotional, cognitive, and moral. Erik Erikson developed the most common theories of emotional development, Jean Piaget developed the most common theories of cognitive development, and Lawrence Kohlberg developed the dominant theories of moral development. The concrete operative stage is the stage between the ages of seven and 11 when a child understands his mental operations and begins to think logically.
At age 12, the formal operational stage begins, where an individual has the intellect to interpret complex concepts. Logical reasoning and other mental examples of maturity also begin to form during this stage. Erik Erikson was influenced by Freud's work, but his own theories on child development focused on the importance of social experiences in shaping a child's psychological growth. Genetic and environmental factors can both promote healthy development and cause developmental delays.
The disadvantages and criticisms of this theory revolve around its lack of recognition of the physical processes associated with development. Developmental theories can be explained in different ways because there is no theory of agreement on how humans develop. Children notice how their parents and other important figures behave in their lives, and they encode that information. The main objective of all these theories is to better understand the areas in which problems can arise within human development and to treat or prevent them effectively.
In this, Erikson progressed Freud's theory by recognizing the initial stages of development and adding them taking into account social influences and later stages of life. Freud also made many other significant contributions to the sciences, including affirming his Theory of Psychosexual Development that addresses the stages of child development. The principles of social interaction and experience are key to the outcomes of the child's stages and later stages. He also elaborated one of the earliest known theories on child development that still has a prominent use and citation today.
If a child did not complete a stage or experienced problems at one stage, he will become obsessed with this in adulthood. Another important contribution he made was to note that children play an active role in acquiring knowledge about the world. The study of child development is very important and helps us understand the greater process of human development. Erikson believed that babies who receive good care during this stage will learn to trust others and that this trust will be transferred to future relationships, allowing healthy child development. The study of the human being as a biological system yields many findings that can provide information about genetics and how a person can develop in the world. Child development is an incredibly complex field with many theories, factors, and influences that can shape a child's growth.
It is important to understand these theories in order to better understand how children develop physically, emotionally, cognitively, and morally. By understanding these theories, we can better identify potential problems in a child's development and take steps to prevent or treat them effectively.
