Child psychology, also called child development, the study of children's psychological processes and, specifically, how these processes differ from those of adults, how they develop from birth to the end of adolescence and how and why they differ from child to child. The rapid physical and psychological changes that children experience from birth to adolescence can cause parents and caregivers to wonder how best to support them. The child development process includes everything from sensory awareness and fine motor skills to language acquisition and socialization. Parents and medical professionals often rely on developmental milestones, such as when a child learns to speak or read, to track their growth in relation to their peers.
These milestones are important indicators, but parents should keep in mind that each child develops at their own pace, and while one can take their first steps before most or say their first words later than most, neither child is likely to affect their final abilities. However, when the parameters suggest that a child may have a significant delay, it is important to consult a doctor who can identify developmental disorders and begin treatment as soon as possible. For more information, see Developmental Disorders and Delays. Child psychology is the study of subconscious and conscious child development.
Child psychologists observe how a child interacts with his parents, with themselves and with the world, to understand his mental development.
child development
involves the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in humans between birth and the end of adolescence. Childhood is divided into 3 stages of life that include early childhood, middle childhood and late childhood (pre-adolescence). Early childhood usually ranges from infancy to age 6.During this period, development is significant, since many of life's milestones occur during this period, such as the first words, learning to crawl and learning to walk.It is speculated that middle childhood or ages 6 to 13 are the most crucial years of a child's life. Adolescence is the stage of life that normally begins around age 15, until legal adulthood. In the course of development, the individual human being progresses from dependence to increasing autonomy. It is a continuous process with a predictable sequence, but it has a unique course for each child.
It is not progressing at the same pace and each stage is affected by past development experiences. Because genetic factors and events during prenatal life can strongly influence developmental changes, genetics and prenatal development are often part of the study of child development. Related terms include developmental psychology, which refers to development throughout life, and pediatrics, the branch of medicine related to child care. Early childhood years are also called preschool years and, more appropriately, “play years.”.
While humans of all ages play, it is during early childhood that play consumes most of the child's waking hours. Developers understand that play really influences growth and change in all key areas of development. At 5 years old, children's physical development and large motor skills allow them to run and chase each other, and play independently, and with others - on the playground equipment. According to a developmental theory called sociocultural theory, children learn these great motor skills better from their peers than from adult instruction, which makes playing with other children especially important.
Language delay is often more severe than other developmental delays in children with intellectual disabilities and is usually the first obvious symptom of intellectual disability. Genetic factors seem to regulate some socio-emotional developments that occur at predictable ages, such as fear and attachment to familiar people. Children with Down syndrome sometimes have heart problems, frequent ear infections, hypotonia, or undeveloped muscle mass. Stages of development may overlap or be associated with other specific aspects of development, such as speech or movement.
As a result, he developed his own laboratory and spent years recording children's intellectual growth and tried to figure out how children develop through the different stages of thinking. Early intervention programs and treatments in developed countries include individual, family, group counseling and social support services, training programs in behavioral skills to eliminate problem behavior, and teaching parents appropriate parenting behavior. A child who cannot hear or process speech clearly and consistently will have a language delay. Professionals in this field research and study fundamental areas of development, such as motor development, cognitive changes, language acquisition, emotional maturity and social interactions.
Similarly, the child at 2 years old clings to caregivers or parents for fear of separation, but at the age of 5 or 6, most children separate with few problems. Emotional development is expressed in very young children through the expression of basic emotions such as fear, joy, anger, and sadness. Children can have very different personalities, and different strengths and weaknesses than the generation that preceded them. The earliest possible detection (and early intervention treatment, if appropriate) of developmental challenges can be useful in minimizing the impact that these developmental problems may have on a child's skill development and later on his or her confidence, or serve as an indicator of a possible future diagnosis.
It includes observation and understanding of the world around him, language learning, memory, decision-making, problem solving, how the child uses his imagination, and how the child uses basic reasoning. That's where child psychology can help give you very important and valuable information about your child's mental, physical, cognitive, and emotional health as they grow up. Child psychology covers a wide range of topics, from genetic influences on behavior to social pressures on development. Child psychology was the traditional approach to research, but since the mid-twentieth century a lot has been learned about childhood and adulthood.
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